Three years ago, Air India appeared to be on an upward trajectory.
After years of struggling under financial strain and a reputation for poor service and aging aircraft, a change in ownership promised to transform it into a "globally competitive airline with Indian roots," positioning it to outperform rivals both at home and abroad.
Yet, following the events of 12 June, the airline now faces serious concerns over its safety standards, casting doubt on its long-term viability.
Shortly after takeoff from Ahmedabad airport, Air India flight 423, en route to London, lost power and plummeted, erupting into flames. The crash killed all 241 passengers and crew, along with 19 people on the ground.
A preliminary investigation by India’s aviation regulator found that the fuel supply to both engines was cut off immediately after takeoff, causing the fatal descent. Attention has reportedly turned to the actions of the pilots, though it remains unclear whether the switches were manually turned or malfunctioned. No recommendations were made to sanction Boeing, the aircraft’s manufacturer.
### Scrutiny intensifies
In the wake of the disaster, scrutiny over Air India’s safety record has grown. The Indian government recently held emergency meetings with senior executives, demanding stronger safety protocols and engineering oversight.
Last week, the aviation authority issued four formal warnings to the airline, citing 29 safety violations over the past year, including failures in crew scheduling, fatigue management, and training procedures. These findings were based on the airline’s own disclosures.
"Despite multiple warnings and past corrective actions, ongoing issues in compliance, crew management, and training remain unresolved," one notice stated. Authorities warned that further violations could lead to severe penalties or changes in leadership.
Additionally, in the days after the crash, more than 100 pilots took medical leave, raising concerns over staff morale and working conditions.
A senior government official familiar with the matter said officials were troubled by Air India’s handling of safety, adding, "We have repeatedly cautioned them."
Air India confirmed receiving the notices, stating, "We will respond within the given timeframe and remain dedicated to ensuring the safety of passengers and crew."
### A troubled transition
The airline’s troubles come despite high hopes following its takeover by one of India’s largest business groups in late 2021.
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